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by: JohnDoyle
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Word Count: 594

Romanian history refers to the history of Romanian land, as well as to the history of people, who inhabited this land and who offered it a specific identity. Besides, a brief Romanian history can refer to the history of the unitary Romanian state, which means the history of the Romanian modern state, Romanian kingdom and other intermediary organization forms, as well as the events, which lead to the national Romanian state.

The Romania of today was inhabited by people of Dacia, a Thracian tribe, at about year 200 B.C. The first state was formed in Romania during the reign of Burebista (82 - 44 B.C.). The infant state became involved in a series of conflicts with the Roman Empire, the dominant power of the time. It was ultimately annexed by that empire in the year 106 A.D. during the rule of the Roman Emperor Trajan.

With the decline and fall of the Roman Empire Romania, like the rest of Central Europe, was ravaged by various tribes. From 10th to 12th centuries it was under the rule of the Hungarians. The rule passed on to the Ottoman Turks and till 1541 Romania remained under the Turkish Empire. In the year 1600, there were three distinct states of Moldavia, Transylvania and Walachia. Michael the Brave succeeded in unifying them, but only for a brief period. The next to to rule Romania were the Austrians till 1775, and in 1812 Romania came under Russian rule.

1848, the year of revolutions, saw a great revolution for independence in Romania too. In 1859, Alexander John Cuza helped to unite the provinces of Moldavia and Walachia and the modern state of Romania came into existence.

Subsequently, Romania got independence in the year 1877. Romania joined the First World War in 1916 in favour of the Allies. At the end of the War, it was rewarded with the addition of Transylvania.

The end of the First World War signified great changes in Europe. The Russian and the Austro-Hungarian empires existed no more, and Romania gained the provinces of Bessarabia and Bucovina.

Romania joined the Axis powers in 1938 in the run up to the Second World War. In 1940, the king of Romania abdicated. The alliance with Germany ended in 1944, when the Russian Army took control of the country. When the War ended, Romania still had Transylvania, but portions of Bucovina, Bessarabia and Dobrogea were taken from it.

To continue, dark years started in Romania between 1967 and 1989, when the country was ruled by Nicolai Ceausescu. During that period, Romania was a socialist republic and communism was the dominant aspect in the area. People suffered from hunger, cold and many restrictions from multiple points of view. They had not enough television programs, churches were demolished and they had to obey to strict rules.

Nicolai Ceausescu's regime was finally toppled in 1989, and he along with his wife Elena was executed after a summary trial. However, the period of transition to democracy saw the inevitable hardships being faced by a common man. In fact, there are some people, who feel that the resulting chaos is worse than the period of authoritarian rule.

Nowadays Romania has a democratic constitution and since 1989 three presidents ruled it: Ion Iliescu, Emil Constantinescu and Trajan Basescu, who is the President of Romania since 2004. In 2002 Romania adhered to NATO and since 2007 Romania is a member of European Union.

This short overview of the history of Romania will give you some sort of background as to the events that took place down the ages in this small country in the hinterland of Europe.

About the Author

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