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by: AlanAllport
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Word Count: 425

There are several different types of water purification process in common use.

To explain water purification in its entirety would take several volumes, but here are some simple explanations of the main ways used today to remove impurities from water.

One of the main types of physical water purification is filtration. There are several different methods but one of the most popular is reverse osmosis.

In reverse osmosis - also known as reversed osmosis or RO - a fine plastic membrane is used to filter water. It can be used to filter very fine particles - as small as 0.001 microns in size - as well as aqueous salts and metal ions.

The most popular type of household water purification process is cartridge filtration. The filtering means in a cartridge filter is fibres. They work at their best where contamination levels are less than 100ppm. For your home water supply, you would expect your water company to have done the heavy duty stuff so that your home water filter just has to do the final clean up.

There are various methods of chemical water purification and which one is best is dependent upon exactly what contaminants are present in the water. Some examples are chelating agents which can be added to neutralize the negative effects of hardness if the water has too much calcium or magnesium in it. Oxidizing agents can be added to act as a biocide or to neutralize reducing agents. Reducing agents are added to neutralize oxidizing agents like ozone and chlorine. They can also help to prevent damage to purification membranes used in processes like reverse osmosis.

Clarification is another water purification process. It is designed to remove suspended solids. Coagulants are added to the water to reduce the charges of ions. This leads to the ions accumulating as larger particles called flocs. These flocs will then settle to the bottom of settling tanks or are removed through a gravity filter. Clarification doesn't remove particles smaller than 25 microns so it is usually used as the first stage in a multi-stage purification process.

Other common types of water purification process are de-ionization and water softening, disinfection (with chlorine, ozone or UV radiation), distillation, electro-dialysis, PH-adjustment, scavenging and biological water purification.

An increasing number of people are not prepared to leave the quality of their drinking and bathing water entirely to the water companies. They prefer to have some measure of control over it themselves by installing some form of water filter or purifier in their home to complete the water purification process before they consume the end product.

About the Author

Alan Allport has been investigating water purification for many years. To find out more water purification process facts check his Website at http://www.waterfilterpurifiers.com.

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